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- ------------------------
- | TCP/IP Flags |
- | by: |
- | Neon-Lenz« |
- ------------------------
-
-
- I wrote this small white paper to introduce you to the flags
- in TCP headers. I hope you'll gain knowledge from this, and
- if not.. bad luck ;-) So let's begin :
-
- The TCP-header contains about 6 fields with one bit for flags.
- There are currently 6 flags in a TCP-header and those are :
-
- URG = This flag lets the receiving TCP-module know that the
- the field of the Urgent Pointer points to urgent data.
- (The TCP-Module needs to process urgent data than any
- other data)
-
- ACK = This flag notes that the field ACK-number has a valid
- ACK-number. This helps TCP trusting the DATA.
-
- PSH = This flag calls a PUSH. If this flag is on, then the
- TCP-module has to send the data from the segment directly
- to the target application. Normally, the TCP-Module would
- keep the incoming data in a buffer and sends them untill
- the target application's buffer is full. The PSH-flag lets
- the TCP-Module know that the data of this segment does not
- have to arrive in the buffer. Telnet-Applications for example
- uses this flag. Because of that, TCP sends the inputted keys
- of the user directly to the Telnet-server. This lets the user
- see the typed-letters immediately, without lag.
-
- RST = This flag asks the receiving TCP-module to let the connection
- recover (reset). TCP sends a msg with this RST-flag if there
- are any problems detected with the connection. Most of the
- applications stops when they receive this flag, but it's
- possible with the help of the RST-flag advanced algorithms
- to write which programs can recover from crashes in hardware
- or software.
-
- SYN = This flag instructs the receiving TCP-Module to synchronize
- sequence numbers. TCP uses this flag to let the receiving
- TCP-Module know that the sender wants send new data.
-
- FIN = This flag lets the receiving TCP-Module know that the sender
- is finished with sending of data. This flag stops the data-
- stream in one-way. The receiving TCP-Module has to send a
- msg with the FIN-flag to close the whole connection.
-
-
- Well that's a short introduction to TCP-Flags, for more information
- i would recommend you to read RFC's, and other TCP/IP related books,
- text-files and documents.
-
- Spreaded by Neon-Lenz« and The Millennium Hackers Association.
- Copyrighted and All Rights Reserved«
- E-Mail:neonlenz@hackermail.net
- -2000- http://www.mha1.8m.com
-